Accelerating ammonia synthesis in a membraneless flow electrolyzer through coupling ambient dinitrogen oxidation and water splitting
The cyclic transformation of nitrogen is one of the vital material cycles in the biosphere.1–3 The fixing dinitrogen from the atmosphere occupies a pivotal role and has been industrially realized to synthesize ammonia by the HaberBosch (HB) process since the early 1900s.4,5 This technological innovation has unburdened mankind from solely relying on biological-based nitrogen fixation and revolutionized the agricultural production system.1,3 However, the energy sources and the hydrogen used in the H–B process still primarily originated from fossil fuel combustion and methane reforming. All of which released tremendous amounts of greenhouse gases and excessive energy consumption.6,7 Therefore, the development of advanced energy-conservation nitrogen fixation methods with less greenhouse gas emissions is urgently needed.